White Blood Cell Disorders: Types, Normal Count, Disorders

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In this article, we will share detailed information on white blood cell disorders, tyes, normal counts, and disorders. And if you are interested in more articles, then make sure to comment with us below.

Disorders related to white blood cells:

Neutrophil:

(Average range of neutrophil cells in the blood is 8,000-1,500 cells per microlitre of blood)

1. Neutrophilia:

• An increase in the neutrophil counts in the blood is called neutrophilia.

• It occurs when the neutrophil count increases more than 8,000 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Smoking cigarettes, high level of stress, sniffing tobacco, bacterial infections, steroid use, injury, polygenic infections, etc.

Results: Fatigue, cough, fever, weight loss, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, etc 

Treatment: Supply of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) that helps to stimulate more production of WBCs from the bone marrow.

2. Neutropenia:

• An increase in the neutrophil counts in the blood is called neutropenia.

• It occurs when the neutrophil count decreases by less than 1,500 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Autoimmune disorders, aplastic anemia, bone marrow failure, suppressed immune system, leukemia, etc.

Results: Mouth sores, infection of the mouth, skin abscesses, low fever, swollen gums, infection of the skin and perirectal area, rashes, etc.

Treatment: Granulocyte (WBC) transfusion, reduce stress levels, antibiotics for fever, etc.

Eosinophil:

(Average range of eosinophil cells in the blood is 500-50 cells per microlitre of blood)

1. Eosinophilia:

• An increase in the eosinophil counts in the blood is called eosinophilia.

• It occurs when the eosinophil count increases more than 500 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Tumors, allergic reactions, toxins, autoimmune disorders, skin disorders, etc.

Results: Heartburns, abdominal pain, chest pain, infections, inflammation of the skin, asthma, fever, etc.

Treatment: Small does of corticosteroid, interferon-alpha obtained from leucocyte for steroid-resistant, etc.  

2. Eosinopenia:

• A decrease in the eosinophil counts in the blood is called eosinopenia.

• It occurs when the eosinophil count decreases by less than 50 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: High levels of stress, Cushing's syndrome, steroid usage, skin burns, bacterial infections, bone marrow damage, etc.

Results: Fungal infections, respiratory tract disorders, illness, etc.

Treatment: Swallowing corticosteroid, blood transfusion, etc.

Basophil:

(Average range of basophil cells in the blood is 200-1 cell per microlitre of blood.

1. Basophilia:

• An increase in the basophil counts in the blood is called basophilia.

• It occurs when the basophil count increases more than 200 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Severe allergies, infections, chickenpox, Tb, chronic inflammation, etc.

Results: Bleeding, abdominal pain, the spleen enlarges, risk of cancer, abnormality in blood clotting, etc.

Treatment: Surgery of enlarged spleen part, high-energy X-rays, stem cell transplant, chemotherapy, etc.

2. Basopenia:

• A decrease in the basophil counts in the blood is called basopenia.

• It occurs when the basophil ranges are less than 1-30 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: High blood pressure, usage of steroids, hyperactive thyroid glands, infections, increased heart rate, chronic allergy, blood cancer, etc.

Results: sickness, headache, fever, allergies, infections, etc.

Treatment: Supply of zinc from food, consuming Citrus fruits, WBC transfusion, etc.

Monocyte:

(Average range of monocytes in the blood is 800-100) cells per microlitre of blood.

1. Monocytosis:

• An increase in the count of monocytes in the blood is called monocytosis.

• It occurs when the monocyte count increases more than 800 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Blood-related diseases, inflammation, leukemia, lymphomas, cancer, autoimmune disorders, chronic infections, etc.

Results: Body pains, swelling, fever, headache, malignant or rheumatology disease, night sweating, stiffness, genital or oral ulcers, etc 

Treatment: Avoid consuming food high in fat, salt, and sugar content, the supply of antioxidants, vitamin C supplements, etc.

2. Monocytopenia:

• A decrease in the count of monocytes in the blood is called monocytopenia.

• It occurs when the monocyte count decreases by less than 100 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Certain cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, excess usage of steroids, HIV infection, etc.

Results: Shortness of breath, fever, anemia, fatigue, etc.

Treatment: Intake of corticosteroids, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Blood transfusion, etc.

Lymphocyte:

(Average range of lymphocytes in the blood is 4,800-1,000 cells per microlitre of blood)

1. Lymphocytosis:

• An increase in the level of lymphocytes in the blood is called lymphocytosis.

• It occurs when the lymphocyte count increases more than 4,800 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Bacterial infections, Grave's disease, viral infections, certain cancers, inflammation, etc.

Results: Night sweating, chills, fever, swollen lymph nodes (neck, stomach, etc), weight loss, fatigue, weakness, pain, etc.

Treatment: Immunotherapy, high-energy rays (Gamma rays), chemotherapy, etc.

2. Lymphocytopenia:

• A decrease in the lymphocyte counts in the blood is called lymphocytopenia.

• It occurs when the lymphocyte counts decrease by less than 1,000 cells per cubic mm of blood.

Causes: Kidney failure, hyperactive immune system, lupus, excess usage of steroids, cancer, autoimmune disorders, etc.

Results: Skin rash, skin infections, running nose, cough, fever, swelling of joints, tonsil problems, cancer, etc.

Treatment: Antibiotics, bone marrow stem transplant, antiretroviral combination therapy for HIV.

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